Wikileaks stories on Freeport & Mrs Mugabe

Published by MAC on 2011-01-10
Source: Sydney Morning Herald, Al Jazeera

Jakarta accused over Papua

By Philip Dorling, Nick McKenzie

Sydney Morning Herald

23 December 2010

THE United States fears that Indonesian government neglect, rampant corruption and human rights abuses are stoking unrest in its troubled province of West Papua.

Leaked embassy cables reveal that US diplomats privately blame Jakarta for instability and "chronic underdevelopment" in West Papua, where military commanders have been accused of drug smuggling and illegal logging rackets across the border with Papua New Guinea.

A September 2009 cable from the US embassy in Jakarta says "the region is politically marginalized and many Papuans harbor separatist aspirations". An earlier cable, from October 2007, details claims by an Indonesian foreign affairs official about military influence in West Papua.

"The Indonesian official] claims that the Indonesian Military (TNI) has far more troops in Papua than it is willing to admit to, chiefly to protect and facilitate TNI's interests in illegal logging operations," says the cable, obtained by WikiLeaks and made available exclusively to The Age.

"The governor ... had to move cautiously so as not to upset the TNI, which he said operates as a virtually autonomous governmental entity within the province," the cable says.

It notes that because the allegations are coming from an Indonesian official rather than a non-government organisation, they "take on an even more serious cast".

A 2006 cable details a briefing from a Papua New Guinea government official who said that the armed forces were ''involved in both illegal logging and drug smuggling in PNG".

In another cable from 2006, the US embassy records the reaction of Indonesian authorities to a riot in West Papua that left four officials dead. "While the gruesome murder of three unarmed policemen and an air force officer at the hands of angry mob is unconscionable, the authorities' handling of the aftermath has merely added a new chapter to the history of miscarriages of justice in Papua," it says.

"It is clear that the police rounded up a miscellany of perceived trouble-makers and random individuals and that the prosecutors and judges then railroaded them in a farcical show trial."

Cables from throughout 2009 blame the Indonesian government's neglect of West Papua - including the failure to ensure revenue generated by mining is distributed fairly - for continuing unrest. "Most money transferred to the province remains unspent although some has gone into ill-conceived projects or disappeared into the pockets of corrupt officials,'' a September 2009 cable says.

''Many central government ministries have been reluctant to cede power to the province. As a result, implementation of the [Special Autonomy] law has lagged and Papuans increasingly view the law as a failure."

The Special Autonomy Law was introduced by Jakarta in 2001 in a bid to dampen the push in Papua for independence, to address past abuses in the region, including by the Indonesian military, and to empower local government entities.

While the US embassy cables detail some improvements in the conduct of the Indonesian military and police in the region in recent years, several cables also detail serious misconduct.

The US cables also record allegations of corruption involving local officials.

After NGO Human Rights Watch released a report last year alleging that military officers had abused Papuans in the town of Merauke, the US embassy in Jakarta wrote that the incident was isolated and may have involved soldiers following orders from local official Johanes Gluba Gebze.

"An ethnic Papuan, Gebze presides over a regional government where allegations of corruption and brutality are rife,'' the 2009 cable says. It quotes advisers to Papua Governor Barnabas Suebu saying Gebze is ''out of control'' and has made numerous illegal forestry deals with Chinese and Korean companies.

In early 2006, a senior manager of the Papuan mining operation run by US minerals giant Freeport-McMoRan privately told the embassy that "rampant corruption among provincial and regency officials has stoked Papuans' disenchantment".

Freeport is the biggest taxpayer in Indonesia and its mine is frequently and, according to the US embassy, unfairly accused of acting unethically. According to a March 2006 cable, a senior mine official said that "average Papuans see few benefits from the royalty and tax payments by Freeport and other extractive industries that should go to the province under the Special Autonomy law ... This corruption hurts Freeport's image with Papuans as well."

The documents also reveal candid disclosures by senior Freeport executives about how the company pays members of the Indonesian military and police officers who help secure its operations. The payments caused controversy after they were detailed in a 2006 article in The New York Times.

A January 2006 cable states that Dan Bowman, Freeport Indonesia's senior vice-president, said the "main allegations about direct payments by the company to military and police officials are true but misleading ... the military and police did not have institutional bank accounts into which Freeport could deposit funds, so they were forced to make payments directly to the commanding officers responsible for security at the mine."

An April 2007 cable says that Freeport continues to pay "voluntary support allowances" to police who help protect the mine, although does so using safeguards to prevent the money being corruptly diverted.

In October 2007, Freeport officials told the embassy that police who guarded the company's mine were being bribed by illegal miners, who the company says are responsible for environmental damage.

"Freeport officials allege that the illegal miners have bribed Mobile Brigade officers to allow their activities. They also charge that Mobile Brigade personnel sell food and other supplies to the miners."

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Mugabe wife sues over diamond story

Zimbabwe's first lady files for defamation against newspaper for publishing story sourced from US cables on WikiLeaks.

Al Jazeera

16 December 2010

The wife of Robert Mugabe, the Zimbabwean president, has filed a suit against a newspaper demanding $15m for publishing leaked US cables on her alleged involvement in illicit diamond trading.

Last week The Standard newspaper, quoting a 2008 cable sent by the US ambassador to Harare, reported that Grace Mugabe had profited from illegal diamonds mining.

The cable to Washington that was leaked by whistleblower website WikiLeaks said Zimbabwe's first lady gained millions of dollars from diamond mining in the Marange district of eastern Zimbabwe.

State-owned Herald newspaper on Wednesday said Grace Mugabe filed the defamation suit against The Standard demanding damages over the article.

The allegations cover a period before the formation of a unity government between Mugabe, and Morgan Tsvangirai, the prime minister, in February 2009.

In the high court papers filed on Thursday, Grace Mugabe said the story was false and malicious and that readers of the paper would believe it. [sic]

"This is an imputation of criminality and association with violations of human rights. Whatever it [The Standard] prints is regarded as gospel truth by those people in Zimbabwe and abroad.

In the summons Grace Mugabe said the allegation has tarnished her credibility as "a person of such high standing" in the minds of all "right thinking" people.

George Chikumbirike, Mugabe's lawyer, said the article wrongly portrayed Grace Mugabe as corrupt in that "she used her position as the First Lady to access diamonds clandestinely, enriching herself in circumstances in which the country was facing serious foreign currency shortages".

'Blood diamonds'

The stones dubbed "blood diamonds" because of the human rights abuses associated with their extraction, were resold to foreign buyers, earning each of the members of the powerful group hundreds of thousands of dollars a month, said the classified US documents.

In the cable James McGee, the US ambassador, says "high-ranking Zimbabwean government officials and well-connected elites are generating millions of dollars in personal income by hiring teams of diggers to hand-extract diamonds".

The cable then discussed a meeting with Andrew Cranswick, the chief executive of the British mining firm African Consolidated Resources, that had a claim to the Chiadzwa mine revoked by the Zimbabwean government, according to McGee.

"According to Cranswick, there is a small group of high-ranking Zimbabwean officials who have been extracting tremendous diamond profits from Chiadzwa," the cable said, naming Grace Mugabe and Gideon Gono, the country's central bank governor.

Other Zimbabwean government officials implicated in the scandal, according to the cable, include Joyce Mujuru, the vice-president, and the head of the army, General Constantine Chiwenga.

Rights groups have accused Zimbabwe's military of widespread atrocities in the diamond fields in 2008 as Mugabe's government moved to stop thousands of illegal miners on the poorly secured fields in the east of the country.

Zimbabwe is now struggling to sell the Chiadzwa diamonds after global gem regulator Kimberley Process barred members from dealing in the stones, saying their certification by global regulators did not guarantee they were free from rights abuses.