Killings of environmental activists increased, with indigenous communities hardest hit
Published by MAC on 2015-04-20Source: Statement, Reuters
The report can be downloaded at:- https://www.globalwitness.org/campaigns/environmental-activists/how-many-more/
Previous article on MAC: Surge in deaths of environmental activists over past decade, report finds
Global Witness report shows increased killings of environmental activists, with indigenous communities hardest hit
Global Witness Press release
20 April 2015
New report shines spotlight on Honduras - the most dangerous country to be an environmental defender
Killings of land and environmental activists in 2014 reached an average of more than two a week, a new Global Witness report reveals – an increase of 20% from 2013. How Many More? documents 116 known deaths worldwide last year – almost double the number of journalists killed in the same period.(1) Severe limits on information means the actual figures are undoubtedly higher.
Nearly three-quarters of killings occurred in Central and South America, with South East Asia second worst-hit. Honduras was the most dangerous country per capita to be an environmental and land activist. Worldwide, a shocking 40 % of victims were indigenous, with hydropower, mining and agri-business the key drivers of deaths.
How Many More? analyses trends in violence and intimidation in countries where the systematic targeting of land and environmental defenders is being accompanied by moves to criminalize protest, restrict freedoms, and dilute laws on environmental protection. In a disturbing trend, some governments have used counter-terrorism legislation to target activists, portraying them as enemies of the state.
Global Witness is calling on governments and the international community to monitor, investigate and punish these crimes, and for Honduras to address abuses in the upcoming review of its human rights record at the UN Human Rights Council.
“In Honduras and across the world environmental defenders are being shot dead in broad daylight, kidnapped, threatened, or tried as terrorists for standing in the way of so-called ‘development’,” said Billy Kyte, campaigner at Global Witness. “The true authors of these crimes – a powerful nexus of corporate and state interests – are escaping unpunished. Urgent action is needed to protect citizens and bring perpetrators to justice.”
Honduras suffered 111 killings between 2002 and 2014. The case of indigenous activist Berta Cáceres – winner of the 2015 Goldman Environmental Prize (2) - is emblematic of the systematic targeting of defenders in Honduras.
“They follow me. They threaten to kill me, to kidnap me, they threaten my family. That is what we face,” said Cáceres. Since 2013, three of her colleagues have been killed for resisting the Agua Zarca hydro-dam on the Gualcarque River, which threatens to cut off a vital water source for hundreds of indigenous Lenca people.
The key findings of How Many More? include:
* At least 116 environmental and land defenders were killed in 2014 – most in Brazil (29), followed by Colombia (25), the Philippines (15) and Honduras (12).
* 47 of the victims were members of indigenous groups, accounting for 40 % of the total.
* 2014 saw a spike in murders relating to hydropower projects. Disputes over land formed the backdrop to most killings.
* There is very little publicly available information to confirm suspected perpetrators, but in cases that are well documented we found 10 were related to paramilitary groups, 8 to the police, 5 to private security guards and 3 to the military.
This hidden crisis is escaping public attention, both because it is not being adequately monitored and because many defenders live in remote, poor communities with limited access to communications and the media. Scant data on killings in much of Africa and areas like China, Central Asia and the Middle East may be linked to poor civil society monitoring, and the suppression of media and other information outlets.
As the world turns its attention to the most significant climate talks in years - the 2015 UN climate conference in Paris, aimed at reaching a global deal on carbon emissions - How Many More? highlights a grave paradox in the climate negotiations. The people on the frontline of the battle to protect our environment are being murdered.
“Environmental defenders are fighting to protect our climate against ever-increasing odds,” said Billy Kyte. “Now more than ever we need to start holding governments and companies to account for the rising death toll on our environmental frontiers. The secrecy around how natural resource deals are made fuels violence and must end. It’s time for the international community to stand up and take notice.”
/ENDS
For interviews, briefings in English and Spanish and other information please contact:
Billy Kyte (San Francisco) +44 (0)7703 671308 bkyte[at]globalwitness.org
Alice Harrison (London) +44 (0)7841 338792, aharrison[at]globalwitness.org
Chris Moye (London) +44 (0) 7525 592737, cmoye[at]globalwitness.org
Notes to editors:
(1) For data on killings of environmental and land defenders from previous years see Global Witness (2014), Deadly Environment.
(2) On 20th April Berta Cáceres will be awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize – the world’s largest prize for grassroots environmentalists who protect the natural environment, often at great personal risk. Berta’s blockades have withstood violent attacks from militarized security contractors and the Honduran armed forces. Fabricated criminal charges have been filed against her, and two of her children have left Honduras out of concerns for their safety.
Honduras most dangerous country for environmental activists - report
Anastasia Moloney
PlanetArk
20 April 2015
Between 2010 and 2014, 101 activists were murdered in Honduras, the highest rate per capita of any country surveyed in a report by Global Witness, although the overall number was greatest in Brazil.
Globally, killings of environmental activists reached an average of more than two per week in 2014, up 20 percent from the previous year, the report said.
Latin America fared worst, accounting for nearly three quarters of the murders - with 29 deaths reported in Brazil, 25 in Colombia and 12 in Honduras.
"Historically there has been very unequal land distribution in Latin America which has caused conflict between local and foreign companies and communities," Billy Kyte, campaigner at Global Witness, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.
"Governments in Latin America are by no means taking this problem seriously. Impunity levels are also very high so perpetrators of crime get away with it," he said.
The report found 40 percent of environmental defenders killed last year were indigenous people caught on the frontline as they tried to defend land and water sources from companies in an escalating scramble for natural resources and land.
"Many indigenous groups lack clear land titles to their land and suffer land grabs by powerful business interests," the report said.
Honduran activist, Martin Fernandez, said he was forced to flee for safety to Brazil for three months in 2012 after he received telephone death threats and was followed by cars with black tinted windows near his work and home.
"We live in fear, in fear of constant attack. I and many colleagues have had to live in exile," Fernandez, head of the Movement for Dignity and Justice, a Honduran land rights group, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation in a telephone interview.
He said Honduran and foreign companies were exploiting indigenous lands and clearing forests, particularly in the northern Yoro province where the Tolupan indigenous group live, to make way for dam construction and mining projects.
In its report, Global Witness said the Honduran government hoped to attract $4 billion in mining investments and recently freed up 250,000 hectares of land for new mining projects.
With the world's highest murder rate, Honduras is struggling to contain drug-fuelled gang violence and organized crime. The government did not respond to requests for comment on the Global Witness report.
Heightened dangers faced by environmental activists in Honduras are likely to be raised next month at the Geneva-based United Nations Human Rights Council when the country's rights record comes under review.
(Reporting By Anastasia Moloney; Editing by Rosalind Russell)