From mining savior to homicide charges, the fall of Vale’s chief

Bloomberg News

22 January 2020

Fabio Schvartsman was supposed to be the fresh face that would help Vale
SA, the world’s biggest iron ore miner, advance after a 2015 dam collapse.
Instead, the 65-year-old is facing homicide charges after the company’s
latest deadly disaster.

While he knew little of mining and metals, Schvartsman had more than
doubled the shares at Klabin SA, Brazil’s largest paper producer, where he
secured financing to roll out low-cost projects and gained a reputation
for cost efficiency. He was named to lead Vale in May 2017, just as the
company brought the industry’s largest new project online, boosting both
production and profit.

Now, 2 1/2 years later, Schvartsman stands accused of 270 counts of
homicide as a result of a second dam collapse near Brumadinho in January
2019. He’s charged with knowing ahead of time of safety issues at the
massive tailings dam and helping hide them prior to the deadliest such
event in Brazil’s history.

Of all the Brazilian business leaders to be charged in recent years,
Schvartsman stands out with the homicide charges

Ironically, Schvartsman — who left the top post in March — began his role
as the Vale CEO with a vow never to allow a repeat of the Mariana dam
failure in 2015. Now, he’s awaiting a judge’s decision on the state
charges he faces for Brumadinho, and is facing the possibility of federal
charges ahead.

“Fabio Schvartsman acted directly to create corporate incentives, not to
avoid risks, but to channel efforts into protecting Vale’s market value,”
Willian Coelho, a state prosecutor, told reporters in Minas Gerais.

He “entered the role with the slogan ‘Mariana Never Again,’” Coelho said.
“But it was a false slogan.”

In a statement, Vale said it was perplexed by the accusations of fraud.
“It is important to remember that other agencies are also investigating
the case,” the company statement said “And it is premature to point out a
conscious risk taking to cause a deliberate breach of the dam.”

‘A Brazilian jewel’

Schvartsman, meanwhile, was unavailable for comment on Tuesday. In a
February 14 public hearing last year, he called Vale “a Brazilian jewel
that can not be condemned for an accident that happened in one of its
dams, even as it was a tragedy.”

Schvartsman was seen by many as a potential savior for a company that had
been on a roller coaster ride with the previous CEO. Under Murilo
Ferreira, Vale’s shares lost about 30% as commodity prices tumbled amid
slowing Chinese demand and expanding supply. Ferreira, though, helped push
through the opening of a $14 billion mining complex in an area where ore
quality is higher and costs would be lower.

Criticism over the 2015 Mariana disaster, however, dogged him, and
eventually he was pushed aside, making way for Schvartsman. For a while,
it was a perfect match. Vale shares almost doubled between the time
Schvartsman was named CEO when the dam disaster hit.

Previous CEO

Of all the Brazilian business leaders to be charged in recent years,
Schvartsman stands out with the homicide charges. Ferreira wasn’t included
in criminal charges from the 2015 dam spill. Corruption and insider
trading have been more common crimes in recent years.

In December, Brazilian prosecutors filed a case against meatpacker JBS SA,
its holding company and 14 people for alleged fraud in loans from the
nation’s development bank. Prosecutors requested the companies and
founders Joesley and Wesley Batista be convicted for wrongdoing regarding
transactions between the meat giant and BNDES that resulted in illegal
enrichment.

Less than three months earlier, Eike Batista, formerly Brazil’s richest
man and no relation to the JBS owners, was sentenced to an additional
eight years and seven months of prison time for insider trading. Batista
had already been convicted for paying $16.6 million to get government
contracts as part of a sprawling corruption probe known as Carwash and
sentenced to 30 years, which he is serving under house arrest.

While Schvartsman was charged with homicide and Vale was accused of
environmental crimes, it is unclear when or if he will actually be put
behind bars. A criminal case from the 2015 dam spill, which also included
homicide charges against some Vale executives, was suspended by in 2017
after a judge found evidence of illegal wire tapping by investigators.

(By Peter Millard and Sabrina Valle)